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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Biological activities and chemical composition of essential oil isolated from Artemisia herba-alba
1
Department of Medical Analysis, Princess Aisha Bint Al-Hussein College of Nursing and Medical Sciences, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an 71111, JORDAN
2
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Mutah University, Mutah, JORDAN
3
Department of Chemistry, Science College, Al-Hussein Bin Talal University, Ma’an, JORDAN
4
Department of Pharmacology, International Medical School, Management and Science University, Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA
5
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Aden, YEMEN
Publication date: 2024-01-26
Electron J Gen Med 2024;21(1):em569
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Artemisia herba-alba (AHA), known as sheeh in Jordan, is recommended by regional traditional healers for the
treatment of a variety of diseases. AHA has been used in folk medicine to treat colds, coughing, bronchitis,
intestinal disturbances, diarrhea, neuralgias, arterial hypertension, and diabetes. The objectives of the current
study were to identify the chemical compositions of the essential oil extracted from dried leaf powder of AHA
cultivated in Jordan and investigate its antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The essential oil was isolated using
hydro distillation, and the identification of artemisia herba-alba essential oil (AHEO) composition was performed
using validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antibacterial activity of AHEO was assessed
against escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumonia, and staphylococcus aureus and two
clinical isolates (methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis
[MRSE]) using a disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal
concentration (MBC) values, using the micro-dilution broth method. Additionally, antioxidant activities were
determined using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The results revealed that the yield of AHEO was
4.41% v/w, with nearly 22 identified compounds, constituting approximately 96.80% of the total mass of essential
oils. Monoterpenoids was the major compounds (71.90%), with alpha pinene being the major component,
accounting for 17.20% of the composition. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 43.97 mg GAE/g and
30.11 mg CE/g, respectively. The antibacterial activity of AHEO against MRSE exhibited the highest inhibitory
effect, while E.coli showed the highest MBC value. Furthermore, AHEO demonstrated significant antioxidant
activity (IC50= 64.57 and 34.01 for DPPH and ABTS, respectively). The results indicate that AHEO possess good
antioxidant and antibacterial properties, suggesting that they may be used as a supplementary food and
antimicrobial agent.
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