The purpose of our study was to determine the risk factors such as lipid profile and smoking on the pathogenesis of sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus disease (SPD). A total of 26 with SPD and 42 control patients were enrolled for this study. We retrieved data of patients comprising patient age, gender, body mass index (BMI), smoking and lipid profile. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein- cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL-C) were evaluated for lipid profile. Mean age and BMI of SPD and control group were 21.7±1.3 and 34.5±5.7 years (p<0.001); 25.7±1.5 and 26.0±2, 5 kg/m2 (p=0.6), respectively. TC was 163.8±29.0 and 193.6±31.0 mg / dl, LDL-C was 103.6±28,7 and 128.5±27.5 mg /dl, and HDL-C was 41.0±9.0 and 48.0±10.5 mg/dl; (p<0.001), (p<0.001) and (p=0.006), respectively, for SPD group and control group. However, TG was 94.3±47.9 and 83.9±46.3 mg/dl (p=0.3). Smoking was 22/26 (84.6%) and 16/42 (38.1%), (p<0.001), in the SPD group and the control group, respectively. TC, LDL-C and HDL-C values were found lower in the SPD group than the control group, but cigarette smoking is more. However, studies are needed to determine the effect of smoking about HDL value in the SPD group.